Federal Law No. 69-FZ dated 21.12.1994 (with amendments as of 22.12.2020) PDF

Full title and description

Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 69‑FZ dated 21 December 1994 "On Fire Safety" (Федеральный закон № 69‑ФЗ от 21.12.1994 «О пожарной безопасности»). Establishes the legal, economic and social foundations for ensuring fire safety in the Russian Federation, defines responsibilities of federal and local authorities, organisations and citizens, and sets out requirements for prevention, supervision, preparedness and response to fires. Consolidated text incorporates amendments up to 22 December 2020.

Abstract

This federal law defines core principles, institutional roles and mandatory requirements for fire safety across the Russian Federation. It provides definitions and structuring of the national fire‑safety system, allocates powers and duties among federal and municipal authorities, prescribes obligations for organisations and individuals, regulates prevention, fire suppression planning, training and education, establishes state fire supervision and liability for violations. The law is a principal legal act used to develop technical regulations, norms and standards related to fire protection and emergency preparedness.

General information

• Status: Active (consolidated law; subject to later amendments)
• Publication date: Adopted 21 December 1994; first official publication in 1994/1995 (entry into force early January 1995)
• Publisher: Published in official collections of Russian legislation (Collection of Legislation of the Russian Federation and Rossiyskaya Gazeta); implemented and overseen by relevant state bodies (federal executive authorities responsible for civil defence and emergency situations).
• ICS / categories: Legal / Public safety / Fire safety / Emergency management
• Edition / version: Original law dated 21.12.1994; consolidated version with amendments through 22.12.2020
• Number of pages: Approximately 42 pages (typical consolidated PDF publication)

Scope

The law applies across the territory of the Russian Federation and governs relationships between federal authorities, regional and local governments, organisations of all forms of ownership, public associations, officials and citizens in matters of fire safety. It sets out system boundaries (prevention, preparedness, suppression, supervision and liability), frames development of technical regulations, building and fire safety rules, and establishes the legal base for state and municipal measures to prevent and respond to fires.

Key topics and requirements

• Definitions of key concepts: fire safety, fire, fire‑safety requirements, system of fire safety.
• Organisation of the national system of fire safety: roles and powers of federal, regional and municipal authorities and public bodies.
• State fire supervision (inspection powers, enforcement, issuing of orders and corrective measures).
• Obligations of organisations and employers: risk assessment, fire‑safety measures, fire‑suppression plans, maintenance of protective equipment and evacuation routes.
• Obligations of owners and users of buildings, structures and equipment (design, construction, operation, and maintenance consistent with fire‑safety requirements).
• Requirements for fire prevention: mandatory measures, technical requirements, organisational rules and public‑awareness activities.
• Training and certification: duties to train personnel, conduct drills and provide education in fire safety.
• Cooperation and mutual assistance between state and volunteer services; organisation and funding of firefighting activities.
• Liability and sanctions for violations, including administrative and other legal consequences.
• Basis for development and adoption of related technical regulations, standards (GOST, SP) and regulatory acts.

Typical use and users

Primary users include federal and regional authorities responsible for civil defence and emergency management (including fire services), municipal officials, building owners, facility managers, architects and designers, construction and engineering organisations, occupational safety and health professionals, fire safety officers, training providers, legal advisers and insurers. The law is used as the legal foundation for drafting technical regulations, building codes, fire protection designs, organisational fire safety procedures and training curricula.

Related standards

Interacts with and serves as the legal basis for: national technical regulations and building codes (SP series), fire safety rules and regulations, GOST standards relating to fire protection and detection, other federal laws on technical regulation and emergency response, and subordinate regulatory acts issued by federal executive bodies. Practitioners commonly consult building and fire safety standards, evacuation and alarm system requirements, and regional implementing regulations alongside this law.

Keywords

fire safety; firefighting; prevention; state fire supervision; evacuation; fire‑safety requirements; emergency preparedness; МЧС (Ministry of Emergency Situations); 69‑FZ; Russian federation law; liability; fire protection systems

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: It is not a voluntary standard but a federal law—Federal Law No. 69‑FZ of 21 December 1994—establishing the legal framework for fire safety in the Russian Federation.

Q: What does it cover?

A: The law covers definitions, the national system of fire safety, powers and duties of authorities, obligations of organisations and citizens, prevention measures, requirements for buildings and equipment, state fire supervision, training, mutual assistance and liability for violations.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Government agencies (federal, regional and municipal), fire services, employers and facility owners, architects and engineers, safety officers, training organisations, legal counsel and insurers use it as the legal basis for fire‑safety practice and regulation.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: The law remains a foundational, active federal law; the text has been updated by many amendments (the consolidated text referenced here includes amendments up to 22 December 2020). Users should verify whether further amendments or newer consolidated editions have been adopted after that date before relying on a given printed or electronic copy.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: It is a standalone federal law but functions together with a body of complementary legal and technical documents—technical regulations, building codes (SP), GOSTs and subordinate regulatory acts that implement and detail fire‑safety requirements.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: Fire safety; prevention; state fire supervision; evacuation; fire protection systems; emergency response; 69‑FZ; МЧС; liability; training.