GOST 10749.12-80 PDF

Full title and description

GOST 10749.12-80 — "Ethyl alcohol for industrial use. Method for determination of furfural" (Russian: "Спирт этиловый технический. Метод определения фурфурола"). The standard specifies a qualitative/semiquantitative chemical test for the presence and approximate concentration of furfural in technical ethyl alcohol.

Abstract

This short standard (originally issued in 1980) establishes a colorimetric test based on reaction of furfural with aniline in an acidic medium to produce a colored product; comparison with a prepared reference solution allows determining whether furfural is absent or present at concentrations up to approximately 5 mg/dm³. The method is intended for control of technical (industrial) ethanol quality.

General information

• Status: Withdrawn / superseded in the Russian Federation (application ceased on 01.05.2017; replaced by modern national standards for ethanol analysis such as GOST R 57251-2016 and later gas‑chromatographic methods).
• Publication date: Approved 29 December 1980; put into effect 1 January 1982 (designation year 1980).
• Publisher: USSR State Committee for Standards / Standards Publishing (original USSR national/interstate standard).
• ICS / categories: Organic chemical substances / chemical analysis — OKС (OКС) code cited as 71.080.60 (chemical industry / organic substances).
• Edition / version: Original GOST 10749.12-80 (1980); an amendment (AMD 1) is recorded in later catalogs (1986 amendment noted in some bibliographic entries).
• Number of pages: Very short standard — typically 2 pages in published copies.

Scope

The standard applies to technical (industrial) ethyl alcohol and defines a simple laboratory procedure for detecting and estimating furfural content. It is intended for routine quality control where a quick screening (absence vs. presence up to a defined threshold) is acceptable rather than full chromatographic quantification.

Key topics and requirements

• Analytical principle: formation of a colored condensation product (furfurylidene aniline) from furfural and aniline in acidic ethanol, giving a pink color whose intensity is compared visually.
• Reference preparation: standard (comparison) solution prepared by dissolving 5 mg of furfural in 1 dm³ of ethanol (i.e., 5 mg/dm³) to serve as the comparison intensity.
• Test procedure: add specified drops of aniline and hydrochloric acid to blank, comparison, and sample; mix, wait ~10 minutes and compare colors.
• Interpretation: no visible increase in color versus blank = furfural absent; color intensity not greater than the comparison = furfural ≤ 5 mg/dm³; more intense coloration indicates concentration above that threshold.
• Limitations: semiquantitative and subjective (visual comparison); less sensitive and less precise than instrumental methods (e.g., gas chromatography); modern standards and methods have largely superseded it for regulatory and dispute-resolution testing.

Typical use and users

Used historically by production quality control and laboratory personnel in chemical plants, alcohol producers, and industrial QC laboratories for quick screening of technical ethanol lots. Also of interest to standards librarians, regulatory analysts, and laboratories needing to interpret historical test reports. For precise quantification or regulatory compliance today, laboratories usually use instrumental methods (GC, HPLC, or validated photometric techniques).

Related standards

Part of the GOST 10749.* suite of standards on technical ethyl alcohol (other parts cover appearance, aldehydes, esters, methanol, etc.). In the Russian Federation these GOST parts were taken out of application and replaced by newer national standards (notably GOST R 57251-2016 and other methods that employ gas‑chromatography for furfural and volatile impurities). Historical references include ГОСТ 10749-72 (earlier composite methods) and related food/beverage alcohol standards for instrumental analysis.

Keywords

furfural; furfurylidene aniline; ethyl alcohol; technical ethanol; aniline color test; semiquantitative test; GOST 10749; alcohol analysis; 5 mg/dm³ threshold.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: A short GOST standard (10749.12-80) that defines a chemical color test for detecting and estimating furfural in technical ethyl alcohol.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers preparation of a comparison solution, reagents (aniline and hydrochloric acid), a three‑tube comparison procedure, timing (about 10 minutes), and interpretation rules that allow screening for furfural absence or presence up to ~5 mg/dm³.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Historically, production QC and routine analytical labs in chemical and alcohol manufacturing; today it is mainly of archival/historical interest or as a simple screening technique where instrumental analysis is not available.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: Superseded for regulatory use in the Russian Federation — the GOST parts for technical ethanol, including 10749.12-80, were removed from application on 01 May 2017 and replaced by modern national standards (e.g., GOST R 57251-2016) and instrumental methods; however the GOST document remains a historical reference and is still found in bibliographic and archival collections.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: Yes — it belongs to the GOST 10749 series that addresses various analytical and technical requirements for ethyl alcohol (other parts cover aldehydes, esters, methanol, technical specifications, and test methods).

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: Furfural; technical ethyl alcohol; aniline test; colorimetric method; semiquantitative; 5 mg/dm³ limit; GOST 10749.12-80.