GOST 18895-97 PDF

Full title and description

GOST 18895-97 — Steel. Method of photoelectric spectral analysis. This interstate (GOST) standard specifies procedures, apparatus requirements and calibration/measurement practices for determination of the chemical composition of steels using photoelectric (optical) spectral methods on vacuum and air photoelectric installations.

Abstract

GOST 18895-97 establishes a standardized photoelectric spectral-analysis procedure for steels, covering sample selection and preparation, required instrumentation (vacuum and air photoelectric spectrometers), calibration with certified standard samples, measurement regimes and calculation of mass fractions of alloying and impurity elements. The standard describes typical operating parameters and quality-control steps to ensure repeatable and comparable results across laboratories and production control settings.

General information

• Status: Active / in force (Действует).
• Publication date: Date of introduction 01 January 1998; adopted by the Interstate Council (protocol No. 11‑97) 25 April 1997.
• Publisher: Interstate standard introduced by Gosstandart of the Russian Federation / Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (EASC).
• ICS / categories: ICS 77.080.20 (Steels). Group B39 (metallurgy standards).
• Edition / version: Original edition designated 18895‑97 (adopted 1997, introduced 1998); re‑issues/reprints noted in some libraries (e.g., 2002 reprint listings).
• Number of pages: 15 pages (standard text length commonly published as 15 pages).

Scope

The standard applies to photoelectric spectral analysis of rolled and wrought steels for determination of alloying and tramp elements by exciting the sample with an electric discharge, dispersing the emitted radiation and measuring analytical signals from spectral lines. It covers sample taking and preparation, apparatus types (vacuum and air photoelectric installations), calibration using certified standard samples, recommended measurement regimes (e.g., arc/spark parameters and exposure times), and calculation of elemental mass fractions using calibration characteristics. GOST 18895-97 is intended for production control, incoming inspection and metallurgical laboratory testing where photoelectric spectral analyzers are used.

Key topics and requirements

• Definitions and normative references (references to other GOSTs for standard samples, sampling, abrasives and gas requirements).
• Sampling and sample preparation requirements to obtain representative, defect‑free surfaces for spectrometric excitation.
• Equipment and materials: permitted use of vacuum and air photoelectric spectrometers, electrode types (e.g., copper rods and carbon electrodes) and auxiliary tools.
• Calibration procedures: experimental calibration using certified standard samples (ГОСТ 8.315 referenced) and procedures for initial and periodic calibration (minimum number of series, use of homogeneous reference samples).
• Measurement regimes and typical operating ranges (examples given in the standard): arc/spark currents commonly in the 1.5–5 A range, exposure times typically 20–30 s, recommended analytical slit widths and other spectrometer settings for air and vacuum installations.
• Calculation and reporting of results: processing of measured signal intensities (or their logarithms), use of calibration curves/characteristics to report mass fractions, and rules for rounding and reporting measurement uncertainty.
• Quality assurance and verification: periodic checks, instrument maintenance, and conditions for acceptance of results (including reference to certified reference materials and interlaboratory comparability).

Typical use and users

Primary users are metallurgical and materials testing laboratories, steel producers (production quality control), incoming inspection teams in fabrication and foundry shops, research laboratories working on steel composition, and service laboratories offering contract spectral analysis. The procedure is used where fast multi‑element analysis of steel composition is required (production control, sorting, acceptance testing).

Related standards

GOST 18895-97 cross‑references and normative links to several other GOSTs, for example: ГОСТ 8.315 (standard samples — certification/attestation), ГОСТ 7565‑81 (sampling for chemical composition), ГОСТ 859‑78 (copper rod designations for electrodes), ГОСТ 10157‑79 (argon gas specification) and standards for grinding/disc materials. These referenced documents supply requirements for reference materials, sampling, consumables and instrument accessories used by the method.

Keywords

steel; photoelectric spectral analysis; optical spectrometry; vacuum spectrometer; air spectrometer; arc/spark analysis; calibration; standard samples; sampling; metallurgical analysis.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: GOST 18895-97 is an interstate (GOST) standard titled "Steel. Method of photoelectric spectral analysis" that specifies how to perform photoelectric (optical) spectral analysis of steels for determination of chemical composition.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers sampling and preparation of steel samples, requirements for vacuum and air photoelectric spectrometers and consumables, calibration with certified standard samples, recommended measurement regimes (e.g., arc currents, exposure times), calculation of mass fractions from measured signals, and quality‑assurance practices for reliable results.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Metallurgical laboratories, steel manufacturers (process and quality control), material inspection services, and testing/inspection labs that perform rapid multi‑element composition analysis of steels using photoelectric spectral equipment.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: As listed in public standards catalogs and libraries, GOST 18895-97 is shown as in force (active) with introduction date 01 January 1998. Users should verify the current status with the national standards body or the EASC catalogue for any later amendments or replacements before use in regulatory or contractual situations.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: It belongs to the metallurgy/steels standard group (ICS 77.080.20) and is associated with other GOSTs covering sampling, reference materials and apparatus used in chemical and spectral analysis; it was prepared by the interstate technical committee responsible for monitoring methods of steel products.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: Steel; photoelectric/optical spectral analysis; vacuum spectrometer; arc/spark excitation; calibration; certified standard samples; sampling; metallurgical analysis.