KMK 2.05.04-97 PDF

Full title and description

KMK 2.05.04-97 — "Метрополитены" (KMK 2.05.04-97, English title often rendered as "Subways" or "Underground railway systems"). It is a technical building code / set of methodological recommendations covering the design, construction and engineering arrangements for metro (underground railway) lines, stations and related structures used in several post‑Soviet jurisdictions.

Abstract

KMK 2.05.04-97 provides prescriptive and recommended technical provisions for planning, geotechnical design, tunnel and station lining, waterproofing, ventilation and environmental systems, track and tunnel engineering, construction organization, temporary works and safety measures specific to metro systems. The document was issued in 1997 and has been used as a normative reference in a number of CIS countries; later national "Svod pravil" (SP) documents for metropolitans were developed in some jurisdictions and may replace or supplement KMK provisions locally.

General information

• Status: Document generally listed as active in commercial standards libraries for distribution (remains referenced in regional collections); in the Russian Federation its subject area was later covered by SP 32-105-2004 (see FAQ).
• Publication date: 1997 (designation suffix "-97" indicates the 1997 issue year).
• Publisher: Issued as a building code / KMK series document under the authority of State construction/architecture committees (Gosstroy / relevant national architectural and construction bodies at the time); regional printings and distributions (for example in Tashkent) list Gosstroy/State Committee as the approving body.
• ICS / categories: Building and civil engineering; transport engineering; tunnels and underground structures; metro / urban rail systems (transport infrastructure).
• Edition / version: Original KMK 2.05.04-97 (1997 issue). Where national bodies updated practice, later SP (Svod pravil) documents (notably SP 32-105-2004) provide an updated consolidated set for metro design in the Russian Federation.
• Number of pages: Approximately 106 pages in commonly distributed electronic editions.

Scope

Applies to the engineering design, construction and commissioning of metro/underground railway facilities including alignment and route planning, station buildings and platforms, tunnel linings and segments, cut-and-cover and mined methods, drainage and waterproofing, ventilation and environmental control, structural and geotechnical requirements, temporary works for excavation and support, and basic requirements for operation‑related installations. The KMK text is targeted at project teams, designers and construction organizations working on metro projects in the jurisdictions that adopt the KMK series.

Key topics and requirements

• Principles for siting and alignment of metro lines (clearances, depth, interaction with surface structures).
• Geotechnical investigations and ground classification for tunnelling and station construction.
• Tunnel and station lining design: cross‑section types, segmenting, waterproofing and structural requirements.
• Construction methods: cut‑and‑cover, mined tunnels, TBM and shield methods, plus temporary support and excavation safety.
• Drainage, groundwater control and waterproofing measures for underground works.
• Ventilation, smoke control and basic environmental/hygienic requirements for passenger safety and comfort.
• Fire safety, evacuation routes, emergency lighting and access provisions for rescue services (general requirements; detailed fire rules are cross‑referenced).
• Track layout in tunnels and stations, clearances, and basic track‑supporting structures.
• Interface requirements for electrical, signalling, communication and traction power systems (referenced to relevant rules and standards).
• Quality control, testing and acceptance procedures for construction and commissioning of metro structures.

Typical use and users

Primary users are metro/railway design institutes, civil and geotechnical engineering consultancies, tunnel and metro construction contractors, project managers, infrastructure owners and municipal authorities responsible for urban rail planning. The code is used during preliminary planning, detailed design, construction documentation and acceptance testing. It also serves as a normative reference for technical auditors and safety reviewers in the countries where KMK series documents remain in force.

Related standards

Commonly referenced companion documents include national and sectoral rules and standards for tunnels and railways (for example СНиП / SP documents on tunnels, SP 32-105-2004 "Метрополитены" which consolidates metro design practice in the Russian Federation, national fire safety and electrical installation rules, and relevant GOST standards for materials and testing). Project teams should consult the local edition of codes and any later SP/SNiP documents that may supersede or augment KMK requirements.

Keywords

KMK 2.05.04-97; Метрополитены; subways; underground railway systems; metro design; tunnels; station design; waterproofing; ventilation; geotechnical; tunnel lining; SP 32-105-2004.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: KMK 2.05.04-97 is a 1997 KMK (construction-methodical) code titled "Метрополитены" (Subways / Underground railway systems) that sets out technical guidance and normative provisions for designing and building metro infrastructure.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers planning and alignment, geotechnical investigations, tunnel and station structural design, waterproofing and drainage, ventilation and environmental systems, construction methods (cut‑and‑cover, mined tunnelling, temporary works), track interfaces and basic safety/acceptance requirements for metro projects. For detailed fire, electrical and signalling rules the KMK text cross‑references the appropriate specialist standards.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Metro and tunnel design institutes, engineers and builders, municipal transport authorities, infrastructure owners, safety reviewers and technical auditors in countries or regions that adopt KMK‑series documents.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: KMK 2.05.04-97 is the 1997 edition of the KMK code. In the Russian Federation the later Svod pravil SP 32-105-2004 ("Метрополитены") was developed and brought into application for metro design and is the consolidated set used there from 2004; however KMK 2.05.04-97 remains present in various regional standards libraries and may be applied or referenced in other CIS jurisdictions depending on local adoption and updates. Check the applicable national/regional regulatory list for the project location to confirm which document is mandatory.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: Yes — KMK 2.05.04-97 belongs to the KMK series of construction-methodical documents (KMK / КМК), which exist across many building disciplines; metro rules are one part of transport/structural KMK items and are related to broader SNIP/SP/GOST families used for construction and infrastructure.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: Metro, subway, underground railway, tunnels, station design, waterproofing, ventilation, geotechnical, KMK, СНиП / SP, construction code.