ASTM D1840-24 PDF
Name in English:
St ASTM D1840-24
Name in Russian:
Ст ASTM D1840-24
Original standard ASTM D1840-24 in PDF full version. Additional info + preview on request
Full title and description
ASTM D1840-24 — Standard Test Method for Naphthalene Hydrocarbons in Aviation Turbine Fuels by Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry. This method describes a UV‑spectrophotometric procedure to determine total concentrations of naphthalene, acenaphthene, and their alkylated derivatives in aviation turbine (jet) fuels, used to assess potential sooting and combustion characteristics associated with multi‑ring aromatics.
Abstract
ASTM D1840-24 specifies a rapid UV‑spectrophotometric test to quantify naphthalene-type hydrocarbons in jet fuels. The method is intended for fuels having end points below 315 °C (600 °F) and for concentrations up to about 5% by volume; interlaboratory precision was established over a range approximately 0.08% to 5.6% by volume. Results provide an estimate of the maximum naphthalene content (naphthalene + acenaphthene + alkyl derivatives) relevant to combustion and smoke/soot propensity.
General information
- Status: Active
- Publication date: October 4, 2024
- Publisher: ASTM International
- ICS / categories: 75.160.20 — Petroleum products; aviation turbine fuels
- Edition / version: ASTM D1840-24
- Number of pages: 4
Scope
This test method covers the determination, by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, of the total concentration of naphthalene, acenaphthene, and alkylated derivatives of these hydrocarbons in aviation turbine fuels (jet fuels). It is designed for fuels containing not more than about 5% of these components and having end points below 315 °C (600 °F). The method determines the maximum amount of naphthalenes that could be present and is appropriate across the interlaboratory range established for the procedure (approximately 0.08% to 5.6% by volume).
Key topics and requirements
- Analytes: naphthalene, acenaphthene, and alkylated derivatives (reported as total naphthalenes).
- Technique: ultraviolet spectrophotometry with defined wavelengths, blanking, and calibration procedures.
- Calibration and standards: preparation and use of calibration curves and reference solutions for quantitative determination.
- Procedures: defined sample preparation, solvent selection, and two procedural ranges established in interlaboratory studies.
- Reporting: results expressed as percent by volume (or mass/volume as specified) and statements on applicability limits (endpoint and concentration limits).
- Precision and bias: performance characteristics established from interlaboratory studies (precision range ≈ 0.08%–5.6% by volume).
- Safety and handling: solvent and fuel handling precautions; reference to required laboratory safety practices.
Typical use and users
Used by fuel testing laboratories, refinery quality control, fuel suppliers, aviation maintenance organizations, and regulatory/testing bodies to screen jet fuel samples for elevated multi‑ring aromatic content that can affect soot, smoke, and thermal radiation during combustion. Also used in research and fuel formulation studies where aromatic class distribution is of interest.
Related standards
Standards commonly used in conjunction with or related to ASTM D1840 include ASTM D1655 (Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels), procedures for hydrocarbon type analysis and aromatic content (commonly referenced test methods for fuel composition and properties), and previous/revision versions of D1840 (for historical comparison, e.g., D1840-22 and earlier revisions). Laboratories often pair D1840 results with other fuel tests such as distillation, density, and hydrocarbon‑type methods when characterizing aviation turbine fuels.
Keywords
naphthalene, acenaphthene, alkyl naphthalenes, UV spectrophotometry, aviation turbine fuel, jet fuel, aromatics, fuel analysis, sooting propensity, ASTM D1840-24
FAQ
Q: What is this standard?
A: ASTM D1840-24 is a standardized test method that uses ultraviolet spectrophotometry to determine the total concentration of naphthalene‑type hydrocarbons in aviation turbine (jet) fuels.
Q: What does it cover?
A: It covers sample preparation, spectrophotometric measurement, calibration, calculation, and reporting of total naphthalenes (naphthalene + acenaphthene + alkylated derivatives) in jet fuels with end points below 315 °C (600 °F), for concentrations up to about 5% by volume.
Q: Who typically uses it?
A: Fuel testing and refinery quality control laboratories, fuel suppliers, aviation maintenance and safety organizations, and researchers assessing aromatic content and combustion/sooting properties of jet fuels.
Q: Is it current or superseded?
A: The edition identified here is ASTM D1840-24, published October 4, 2024, which supersedes earlier revisions. It is the current active version as of that publication date.
Q: Is it part of a series?
A: D1840 belongs to the suite of ASTM test methods and specifications addressing aviation turbine fuels (committee D02). It is often used alongside fuel specification standards (for example, ASTM D1655) and other analytical test methods for fuel composition.
Q: What are the key keywords?
A: Naphthalene, acenaphthene, alkyl naphthalenes, ultraviolet spectrophotometry, jet fuel, aviation turbine fuel, aromatics, sooting propensity.