ASTM G65-16 (2021) PDF

Full title and description

Standard Test Method for Measuring Abrasion Using the Dry Sand/Rubber Wheel Apparatus — designation ASTM G65-16 with reapproval notation (G65-16(2021)). This laboratory test method defines procedures, apparatus, and reporting for ranking the resistance of metallic materials and coatings to scratching abrasion using a dry sand feed and a rubber-rimmed wheel.

Abstract

This standard specifies the dry sand/rubber wheel (DSRW) test to produce reproducible volume-loss measurements (reported in cubic millimetres) that rank materials by scratching-abrasion resistance. Five recommended procedures (A–E) cover a range of severities and specimen types (from thin coatings to highly wear‑resistant bulk materials). Test parameters control wheel speed, applied load, abrasive feed, wheel hardness and dressing, and specimen preparation to achieve repeatable comparative data.

General information

• Status: Active / current (reapproval of the 2016 designation published as G65-16(2021)).
• Publication date: Reapproved/published with the parent designation 2016 — shown as ASTM G65-16(2021), publication/revision date 11 January 2021 (notation varies by publisher listing).
• Publisher: ASTM International (American Society for Testing and Materials).
• ICS / categories: 17.040.20 (Properties of surfaces / wear and abrasion testing).
• Edition / version: Designation G65-16 (original 2016 revision), with editorial/reapproval entry G65-16(2021) and a related editorial version G65-16e1 referenced in ASTM records.
• Number of pages: 14 pages (typical published PDF/print).

Scope

This test method covers laboratory procedures for determining the resistance of metallic materials (and coatings) to scratching abrasion using a dry sand/rubber wheel apparatus. The intent is to generate reproducible comparative data (volume loss in mm3) and to rank materials under a specified set of standardized conditions; it is not intended to exactly reproduce all field environments but to provide relative ranking and comparative performance indicators. Five procedures (A–E) are provided to accommodate different wear severities and specimen thicknesses.

Key topics and requirements

• Dry sand/rubber wheel (DSRW) apparatus specification: steel disc with rubber rim, defined wheel diameter and rim thickness, wheel dressing and hardness control.
• Five test procedures (A, B, C, D, E) that vary load, number of revolutions and duration to suit low- to high‑abrasion materials and thin coatings.
• Standardized abrasive feed and particle characteristics (controlled sand feed rate and particle size range per test notes) to produce consistent scratching abrasion.
• Specimen preparation, dimensions and surface finish requirements to ensure comparable results; reporting of volume loss in cubic millimetres.
• Reporting requirements and limits: metric reporting (mm3), recommended procedures for data reduction and repeatability guidance.
• Notes on applicability and limitations — the method ranks materials but does not reproduce all service conditions (e.g., impact, corrosive environments or mixed wear modes).

Typical use and users

Used by materials engineers, metallurgists, tribologists, coating developers, quality control laboratories, wear‑testing labs and manufacturers of wear‑resistant components (mining, construction, agriculture, pumps, chutes, liners and surface coatings). The method is employed for material selection, comparative ranking, research and development, and verification of wear‑resistant alloys and surface treatments.

Related standards

Commonly referenced alongside other wear and erosion test standards and material property methods (other ASTM wear/erosion standards and industry test methods). The DSRW test is often used in comparison with slurry abrasion tests, pin‑on‑disc tests and field/wear‑life data for correlation. Users should consult the ASTM G series index and related committee documents for complementary procedures and cross‑references.

Keywords

abrasion test, dry sand/rubber wheel, DSRW, scratching abrasion, wear testing, volume loss, ASTM G65, procedures A–E, rubber wheel, abrasive feed, material ranking, wear resistance.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: ASTM G65-16(2021) is the Standard Test Method for Measuring Abrasion Using the Dry Sand/Rubber Wheel Apparatus; it defines a laboratory method to rank materials by scratching abrasion resistance using a dry sand feed and a rubber‑rimmed wheel.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers apparatus design and condition, specimen dimensions and preparation, abrasive supply and particle considerations, test procedures (A–E) for different severities and thicknesses, and reporting of volume loss (mm3). It is intended for comparative ranking rather than exact simulation of all field wear environments.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Materials and mechanical engineers, tribology labs, coating developers, QC/test labs and manufacturers assessing wear resistance for components used in mining, agriculture, construction, bulk‑handling, pumps and similar applications.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: The designation is G65-16 with reapproval/technical notation in 2021 (commonly cited as ASTM G65-16(2021)). Consult ASTM International or your standards distributor for the absolute current publication and any amendments or errata before purchase or formal reference.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: It is part of the ASTM G (corrosion, erosion, and wear) series of standards and is listed within the ASTM Vol. 03.02 collection (corrosion of metals; wear and erosion). Related ASTM wear methods and committee documents provide complementary procedures.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: Dry sand/rubber wheel, abrasion, DSRW, volume loss (mm3), wear testing, ASTM G65, procedures A–E, rubber rim wheel, abrasive feed.