ISO 105-X09-1993 PDF

Full title and description

ISO 105‑X09:1993 — Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part X09: Colour fastness to formaldehyde. Specifies a laboratory method for exposing textile specimens to gaseous formaldehyde and assessing any change in colour using the grey scale.

Abstract

A specimen of the textile (of any kind and in any form) is exposed to the action of gaseous formaldehyde in a closed container; the change in colour of the specimen is evaluated with the grey scale. The method is not suitable for assessing colour changes produced during crease‑resist finishing with urea‑formaldehyde products or for subsequent treatment of dyeings with formaldehyde solutions.

General information

• Status: Published (confirmed).
• Publication date: November 1993 (1993‑11).
• Publisher: International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
• ICS / categories: 59.080.01 — Textiles in general.
• Edition / version: Edition 4 (1993).
• Number of pages: 2 pages (short test method specification).

Scope

The standard gives a controlled procedure to determine the resistance of dyes on textiles at any stage of manufacture to vapours of formaldehyde that may be released from fabrics that have received crease‑resist (anti‑crease) treatments when stored together. It excludes assessment of colour changes produced during the crease‑resist treatment itself with urea‑formaldehyde products or from deliberate post‑treatment of dyeings with formaldehyde solutions.

Key topics and requirements

• Preparation and conditioning of test specimens.
• Exposure of specimens to gaseous formaldehyde in a sealed container under defined conditions.
• Use of the grey scale for assessing and rating change in colour.
• Limitations: not suitable for assessing effects of urea‑formaldehyde crease‑resist processes or deliberate formaldehyde post‑treatments.
• Applicability to textiles of all kinds and in all forms (woven, knitted, finished, unfinished).

Typical use and users

Used by textile testing laboratories, quality control departments in fibre, yarn and fabric manufacture, dye houses, finishing mills, and by regulators or purchasers specifying colour‑fastness performance where formaldehyde exposure from treated goods is a concern.

Related standards

ISO 105 is a multipart series covering many specific colour‑fastness tests (A, B, C, F, X, Z parts) including methods for washing, light, rubbing, perspiration, and other chemical exposures; ISO/TC 38/SC 1 is the technical committee responsible for the series. The 1993 edition of X09 superseded the 1987 edition (ISO 105‑X09:1987). National and regional adoptions (for example EN/ISO variants) also exist for harmonized use in testing systems.

Keywords

ISO 105, colour fastness, formaldehyde, textiles, grey scale, dye fastness, test method, ISO/TC 38.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: ISO 105‑X09:1993 is an international test method specifying how to determine colour fastness of textile dyes to gaseous formaldehyde exposure using a grey‑scale assessment.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers test specimen exposure to formaldehyde vapour in a closed container and assessment of colour change; it explicitly excludes evaluation of colour change occurring during crease‑resist finishing with urea‑formaldehyde or deliberate post‑treatment with formaldehyde solutions.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Textile laboratories, manufacturers, finishers, dye houses, standards writers, and procurement/quality teams that need to verify or specify performance where formaldehyde vapours might affect stored textiles.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: The 1993 edition (Edition 4) replaced the 1987 edition; the ISO record shows the 1993 edition as published and subsequently reviewed/confirmed (i.e., kept current following ISO review). Users should check for any later amendments or a more recent revision before citing the standard in new specifications.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: Yes — ISO 105 is a multipart series of colour‑fastness test methods (parts A, B, C, F, X, Z, etc.) developed under ISO/TC 38/SC 1; X09 is the part dealing specifically with formaldehyde vapour exposure.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: Colour fastness, formaldehyde, textiles, ISO 105, grey scale, dye testing, test method.