GOST 21105-87 PDF

Full title and description

GOST 21105-87 — "Контроль неразрушающий. Магнитопорошковый метод" (English: Nondestructive testing. Method of magnetic particle testing). The standard establishes requirements and procedures for magnetic‑particle inspection of ferromagnetic materials and products to detect surface and near‑surface discontinuities.

Abstract

GOST 21105-87 defines terminology, general principles, methods of magnetization, inspection procedures, evaluation of indications, and requirements for defectoscopic materials used in magnetic particle testing (magnetic powders, suspensions and contrast media). It was prepared under the authority of the State Committee for Standards of the USSR and replaces the earlier edition ГОСТ 21105‑75. The document has since been declared not current in some jurisdictions and parts of its technical content have been superseded by later ISO‑based standards.

General information

• Status: Withdrawn / declared out of force in many catalogues; parts superseded by ISO/GOST‑ISO documents.
• Publication date: Approved 23 January 1987; introduced into force 1 January 1988.
• Publisher: Approved by the State Committee for Standards of the USSR (Gosstandart); published by Izdatel'stvo standartov (Standards Publishing).
• ICS / categories: 19.100 — Nondestructive testing (magnetic particle inspection).
• Edition / version: Designation 21105‑87 (original 1987 edition); includes Amendment No.1 (1989) in some reprints.
• Number of pages: Approximately 12–13 pages (published reprints list 12 pages).

Scope

Applies to magnetic‑particle (magnetopowder) inspection of ferromagnetic parts, assemblies and semi‑finished products to detect surface and near‑surface defects (cracks, laps, seams, inclusions and similar discontinuities). Typical application range includes ferromagnetic materials with sufficient relative permeability (references in catalogues indicate application limits, e.g. μr ≥ 40 in some national annotations). In modern practice, requirements for materials and equipment in this domain are increasingly aligned with the ISO 9934 series (adopted as national GOST/ГОСТ‑ISO documents in several States).

Key topics and requirements

• Definitions and general principles of magnetic‑particle inspection (MPI).
• Methods of magnetization (direct current, alternating current, longitudinal and circular magnetization) and procedures for producing adequate magnetic fields.
• Preparation of test surfaces, application of magnetic powders and suspensions, and removal/cleaning procedures.
• Classification of indications, sensitivity levels and acceptance criteria for common defect types.
• Requirements and testing methods for defectoscopic materials (magnetic powders, suspensions, carrier fluids and contrast media) — later harmonized with ISO 9934‑2/‑3.

Typical use and users

Used by nondestructive testing (NDT) engineers, quality assurance and inspection departments in machining, fabrication, welding, aerospace, shipbuilding, petrochemical and power industries. Employed by certification bodies, test laboratories and maintenance shops for in‑service inspections, acceptance testing of welds and manufacturing quality control. Training providers for magnetic‑particle testing reference the standard's procedures when teaching MPI techniques.

Related standards

Related and successor documents include the ISO 9934 series (Magnetic‑particle testing — parts 1–3 and later), GOST R / ГОСТ ISO translations/adoptions of ISO 9934 (which update material, equipment and procedure requirements), and earlier national version ГОСТ 21105‑75 which this edition replaced. Other linked standards cover visual testing, ultrasonic and radiographic NDT methods and equipment calibration standards.

Keywords

GOST 21105-87, magnetic particle testing, magnetopowder method, nondestructive testing, MPI, ferromagnetic inspection, defectoscopic materials, magnetization, NDT standard, ГОСТ

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: GOST 21105‑87 is a national (USSR-era) standard titled "Nondestructive testing. Method of magnetic particle testing" that sets out principles and procedures for magnetic‑particle inspection of ferromagnetic materials.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers terminology, magnetization methods, inspection procedures, surface preparation, application and evaluation of magnetic particles/suspensions, and sensitivity/acceptance guidance for detecting surface and near‑surface defects.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: NDT technicians and engineers, inspection and QA/QC personnel in manufacturing, welding shops, aerospace, shipbuilding, oil & gas and power sectors, plus testing laboratories and training organizations.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: The 21105‑87 edition is listed as withdrawn or not current in many catalogues; parts of its technical content have been superseded by ISO‑based standards (ISO 9934 series) that have been adopted in national GOST/ГОСТ‑ISO publications in recent years. Users should consult the applicable national/sector regulations and the ISO 9934 series for current requirements.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: The original GOST 21105 family relates to magnetic‑particle inspection and replaced earlier national editions (e.g., ГОСТ 21105‑75). More recent internationalized work appears in the ISO 9934 series (often implemented as ГОСТ‑ISO or ГОСТ Р ISO documents) which now form the contemporary series of documents for MPI.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: Magnetic particle testing, magnetopowder method, nondestructive testing (NDT), MPI, defectoscopy, magnetic suspensions, magnetization methods, ГОСТ 21105‑87.