ISO 105-X19-2020 PDF

Full title and description

ISO 105‑X19:2020 — Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part X19: Colour fastness to rubbing (Gakushin test method). This part of ISO 105 specifies the Gakushin convex‑stage test methods for assessing the resistance of textile colours to rubbing and the potential for staining other materials, with procedures for both dry and wet rubbing cloths.

Abstract

This standard defines a laboratory method (the Gakushin test method) using a convex specimen stage to determine colour transfer and staining caused by rubbing. Two procedures are given (dry and wet rubbing cloths). It applies to textiles in yarn or fabric form, including pile fabrics and textile floor coverings, whether dyed or printed.

General information

• Status: Published (current edition).
• Publication date: August 2020 (published 11–12 August 2020, edition 1:2020).
• Publisher: International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
• ICS / categories: 59.080.01 (Textiles in general).
• Edition / version: Edition 1 (2020).
• Number of pages: 11 (ISO published document length).

Scope

ISO 105‑X19:2020 is applicable to textiles of all fibre types in the form of yarns or fabrics, including pile constructions and textile floor coverings. It specifies the Gakushin convex specimen stage method to assess colour fastness to rubbing (both dry and wet conditions) and to evaluate staining on adjacent materials. The method is intended for routine testing in quality control and comparative assessments across products and processes.

Key topics and requirements

• Gakushin test apparatus using a convex specimen stage to simulate rubbing action.
• Two procedural variants: dry rubbing cloth method and wet rubbing cloth method.
• Assessment criteria for colour change of the specimen and staining of the rubbing cloth or adjacent material.
• Applicability to dyed and printed textiles, pile fabrics and floor coverings.
• Instructions for specimen preparation, number of rubs, and evaluation under specified lighting or grey scales as relevant to ISO 105 series practices.

Typical use and users

Used by textile manufacturers, dye houses, quality‑control laboratories, independent testing laboratories, research institutes and certification bodies to verify rubbing fastness performance of fabrics, carpets and other textile goods. It is typically applied during product development, incoming material inspection and final product quality checks to ensure conformity with customer specifications or procurement requirements.

Related standards

ISO 105 is a multi‑part series covering colour fastness tests; related parts include other rubbing tests (e.g., ISO 105‑X12, ISO 105‑X16) and companion methods for assessment of colour fastness to various agents (water, light, washing, rubbing). ISO/TC 38/SC 1 oversees these test methods. Users often refer to other parts of ISO 105 for complementary test procedures and to national adoptions (for example BS ISO variants) for regional implementations.

Keywords

colour fastness; rubbing; Gakushin; textile testing; ISO 105; abrasion; staining; wet rubbing; dry rubbing; pile fabrics; floor coverings.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: ISO 105‑X19:2020 is an international test method for assessing colour fastness to rubbing (Gakushin test method) for textiles.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers laboratory procedures using a convex specimen stage to determine how much colour transfers from a textile to another material under dry and wet rubbing conditions, plus the evaluation criteria for colour change and staining.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Textile and carpet manufacturers, independent testing laboratories, quality control teams and certification bodies use it for product development, acceptance testing and quality assurance.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: As published in August 2020 (Edition 1:2020) the standard is published and listed as current on ISO and standards catalogues; there is no record of withdrawal or replacement as of 15 February 2026. Users should check ISO or their national member body for any amendments or reviews after this date.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: Yes — ISO 105 is a comprehensive multi‑part series of colour fastness test methods; X19 is one part focused on the Gakushin rubbing test and is used alongside other ISO 105 parts for a full evaluation of colour fastness performance.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: Colour fastness, rubbing, Gakushin, textile testing, abrasion, staining, wet rub, dry rub, ISO 105.