ISO 286-1-2010 PDF

Full title and description

Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — ISO code system for tolerances on linear sizes — Part 1: Basis of tolerances, deviations and fits. This International Standard establishes the ISO code system for tolerances used for linear sizes of features such as cylinders and two parallel opposite surfaces, defines basic concepts and terminology for the code system, and explains principles such as “basic hole” and “basic shaft.”

Abstract

ISO 286-1:2010 sets out the bases of the ISO limits-and-fits system: definitions, symbols and principles for tolerated linear sizes; a standardized selection of general-purpose tolerance classes; and the fundamental concepts needed to specify fits between mating parts without orientation or location constraints. It serves as the theoretical and terminological foundation on which tabulated limit deviations and tolerance values (given in ISO 286-2) are based.

General information

• Status: Published (current edition under periodic review).
• Publication date: April 2010 (ISO edition 2, 2010).
• Publisher: International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
• ICS / categories: 17.040.10 (Limits and fits / Dimensional tolerances).
• Edition / version: Edition 2 (2010). Technical corrigendum ISO 286-1:2010/Cor 1:2013 issued.
• Number of pages: 38 (official ISO edition).

Scope

This part of ISO 286 establishes the ISO code system for tolerances to be used for linear sizes of the following feature types: (a) cylinders and (b) two parallel opposite surfaces. It provides the conceptual basis, definitions, symbols and general selection of tolerance classes used to specify deviations and fits for mating parts, and explains the principles of basic-hole and basic-shaft designations used in engineering drawings and product specifications.

Key topics and requirements

• Definitions, symbols and basic terminology for tolerances, deviations and fits (basis of the ISO limits-and-fits system).
• Principles of designation: basic hole/basic shaft concept and standardized tolerance-zone notation (e.g., letter-number designations for deviations and IT grades for tolerance classes).
• Selection of general-purpose tolerance classes (standardized IT grades) and rules for applying them to nominal sizes.
• Relationship to tabulated numerical values and limit deviations provided in ISO 286-2 (tables of ES/EI, es/ei values for holes and shafts).
• Guidance on interpreting tolerance zones, calculating fundamental deviations, and applying the system to cylindrical and two-flat-surface features used in design and manufacturing.

Typical use and users

Used by mechanical designers, drafting engineers, manufacturing engineers, quality/metrology laboratories, tooling suppliers and standards committees to specify dimensional tolerances and fits that ensure interchangeability and intended functional clearance or interference between mating parts. It is also used by technical educators and CAD/CAM tool developers for correct application of ISO fits and tolerances.

Related standards

ISO 286-1 is Part 1 of the ISO 286 series; the companion Part 2 (ISO 286-2:2010) contains the tables of standard tolerance classes and numeric limit deviations for holes and shafts. A technical corrigendum ISO 286-1:2010/Cor 1:2013 corrects the 2010 edition. The ISO 286 series is used alongside other GPS and dimensional standards such as ISO GPS documents and measurement standards (for example standards addressing size-measurement methods and envelope/association rules).

Keywords

limits and fits, tolerances, deviations, basic hole, basic shaft, IT grades, tolerance classes, linear sizes, geometrical product specifications, ISO 286, fits, metrology.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: ISO 286-1:2010 is the International Standard that defines the basis of the ISO system of limits and fits — the terminology, symbols and conceptual rules used to specify tolerances and deviations for linear sizes.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers the theoretical basis and notation of the ISO code system for tolerances on linear sizes (cylinders and two parallel opposite surfaces), selection of general-purpose tolerance classes, and the fundamental concepts used to specify fits between mating parts. Numeric tables are provided in ISO 286-2.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Mechanical designers, production and manufacturing engineers, quality and metrology personnel, tooling suppliers, and standards organizations use this standard to specify and interpret dimensional tolerances and fits to ensure interchangeability and proper function.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: ISO 286-1:2010 (Edition 2) is the current published edition (published April 2010) and was subject to a technical corrigendum in 2013; the standard is maintained under ISO’s periodic review process and has been confirmed/kept current in ISO records. Users should check national or ISO catalogues for any later amendments or replacements when precision is critical.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: Yes — ISO 286 is a multi-part series. ISO 286-1 is Part 1 (basis of tolerances, deviations and fits) and ISO 286-2:2010 is Part 2 (tables of standard tolerance classes and limit deviations for holes and shafts).

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: limits and fits; tolerances; deviations; basic hole; basic shaft; IT grades; tolerance classes; geometrical product specifications (GPS); linear sizes; fits.