ISO 815-1-2019 PDF

Full title and description

Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of compression set — Part 1: At ambient or elevated temperatures. This international standard specifies laboratory methods to measure the compression set (residual deformation after prolonged compression) of vulcanized and thermoplastic rubbers under ambient or elevated temperature conditions, with procedures, specimen dimensions, apparatus requirements and calculation/reporting rules.

Abstract

ISO 815-1:2019 defines one ambient-temperature method and three elevated-temperature methods (A, B and C, differing by how the test piece is released) for determining compression set of rubbers of nominal hardness 10 IRHD to 95 IRHD. Tests measure the ability of rubber compounds to retain elastic properties after prolonged compression; short tests (e.g., 24 h) are commonly used for cure-state and quality control, while long tests (e.g., ≈1 000 h) are used to assess ageing and predict service performance.

General information

• Status: Published (International Standard confirmed).
• Publication date: November 2019 (2019-11).
• Publisher: International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
• ICS / categories: 83.060 – Rubber.
• Edition / version: 3rd edition (Edition 3, 2019).
• Number of pages: 14 pages.

Scope

The standard specifies methods for determining compression set of vulcanized and thermoplastic rubbers at ambient temperature (one method) and at elevated temperatures (three methods A, B and C). It applies to rubbers with nominal hardness in the range 10 IRHD to 95 IRHD and describes required specimen types, compression strains, test durations, temperature control and recovery measurement. For hardness ≥80 IRHD, lower compression strains are specified (15 % for 80–89 IRHD; 10 % for 90–95 IRHD).

Key topics and requirements

• Test methods: one ambient method plus three elevated‑temperature methods (A, B, C) differing in release procedure and recovery measurement.
• Specimen types and dimensions: two standard specimen sizes (Type A and Type B) with specified diameters and thickness tolerances.
• Compression strains: normally (25 ± 2) % for most hardnesses; (15 ± 2) % for 80–89 IRHD; (10 ± 1) % for 90–95 IRHD.
• Apparatus and calibration: polished compression plates, spacers, clamping device, oven meeting ISO 188 requirements, precision thickness gauge and timing device; calibration schedules and surface‑finish recommendations included.
• Test durations and interpretation: short elevated‑temperature tests (commonly 24 h) for cure-state/QC; long tests (typically ≈1 000 h) to assess ageing and predict service performance.
• Reporting: required information on specimen preparation, conditioning, test conditions, recovery timing and calculation of compression‑set values for reproducible comparison.

Typical use and users

Used by materials and QA/QC laboratories, rubber compounders, seal and gasket manufacturers, automotive and aerospace suppliers, R&D groups, and standards/qualification bodies. Common applications include validation of cure state, batch acceptance criteria for seals and gaskets, material selection for compressed seals, and failure analysis where permanent set under load is a concern.

Related standards

ISO 815 series: Part 2 — Determination of compression set at low temperatures (ISO 815-2:2019) is the companion document covering low‑temperature methods. ISO 188 (Accelerated ageing and heat‑resistance tests) is referenced as a normative document for oven/ageing requirements. The standard replaces/succeeds earlier editions (ISO 815-1:2014).

Keywords

compression set, residual set, compression test, rubber, thermoplastic elastomer, IRHD hardness, specimen, test method, ageing, seal, gasket, ISO 815-1:2019.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: ISO 815-1:2019 is an ISO test standard that specifies laboratory methods to determine the compression set (residual deformation after compression) of vulcanized or thermoplastic rubbers at ambient and elevated temperatures.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers specimen types and preparation, required apparatus and calibration, specific compression strains by hardness range, timed test procedures (ambient and elevated), recovery measurement and calculation/reporting of compression‑set results. It explains where short tests are used (e.g., 24 h for cure assessment/QC) and where long tests (≈1 000 h) are used to evaluate ageing.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Materials laboratories, rubber compounders, manufacturers of seals/gaskets and vibration‑damping parts, automotive and aerospace suppliers, R&D teams and conformity/standards bodies. Use is common for quality control, specification compliance and material selection.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: ISO 815-1:2019 is the current (3rd) edition published in November 2019 and has been confirmed through ISO’s review process; it superseded the 2014 edition. Users should check national adoption/confirmations for the latest status before purchase or formal citation.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: Yes — ISO 815 is a multi‑part series. Part 1 (this document) covers ambient and elevated temperatures; Part 2 covers low temperatures (ISO 815-2:2019). Related test standards for ageing and oven requirements (e.g., ISO 188) are normatively referenced.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: Compression set, residual deformation, IRHD hardness, test specimen, elevated temperature methods A/B/C, ambient method, ageing, seals and gaskets.