GOST 10906-78 PDF

Full title and description

GOST 10906-78 — Square (wedge / tapered) washers. Specifications. National (USSR) standard that defines the form, dimensions, tolerances, materials and marking for square tapered (inclined) washers used to compensate for non-parallel bearing surfaces in structural bolted connections (commonly called косая шайба).

Abstract

This standard specifies the geometric shapes, dimensional series, acceptable materials and surface finishes, accuracy class and application guidance for square tapered washers intended to be placed under bolt heads or nuts to correct inclinations of channel and I‑section flanges. It establishes sizes for metric thread diameters (commonly M6–M27), slope values for typical applications, and references related fastener practice.

General information

• Status: In force / actively referenced in industry (original GOST adopted 1978; users should verify current national registry for any later replacements or revisions).
• Publication date: Adopted 1978; published 1 July 1979 (GOST designation 10906-78).
• Publisher: State Committee for Standards (Gosstandart of the USSR) — national standards publisher for the GOST system.
• ICS / categories: 21.060 (Fasteners) — specifically 21.060.30 Washers and locking elements.
• Edition / version: Original GOST 10906-78 (with later amendments recorded in the standard text — e.g., amendments from 1984 and 1988).
• Number of pages: Approximately 5 pages (concise technical specification with dimensional tables and notes).

Scope

GOST 10906-78 covers square tapered (inclined / wedge) washers intended to compensate for angular misalignment between bolted elements and the bearing surface of structural members (channel/rail and I‑beam flanges). The standard defines dimensional series (nominal sizes matched to thread diameters), the permitted range of internal hole diameters, nominal square sizes, thicknesses, recommended manufacturing materials (carbon steel, stainless steels), optional protective coatings (zinc plating, hot-dip galvanizing) and marking/quality class requirements. Typical use is in structural steel assembly where flange slopes must be corrected for proper load distribution.

Key topics and requirements

• Dimensional series and tolerances for nominal thread sizes (commonly covering M6 through M27) — internal hole diameters, square side dimensions and thickness ranges for each size.
• Specified slope/angle characteristics: washers designed to compensate typical flange inclinations (GOST values commonly cite correction of ~10% for channel sections and ~12% for I‑sections in the standard’s application notes).
• Manufacturing materials and finishes: sheet/plate steel (carbon), stainless steels (A2/A4), and corrosion protection options such as zinc electroplating or hot-dip galvanizing where required.
• Accuracy class (e.g., class C) and form tolerances for profiles and hole placement to ensure correct seating and load distribution.
• Surface features where applicable (parallel grooves or plain faces) and maximum corner radii or chamfers to fit bolt heads and nuts securely.
• Identification of equivalents and cross-references: commonly mapped to DIN standards for tapered/square washers (DIN 434 / DIN 435) with notes on small dimensional differences and additional sizes in the GOST series.
• Notes on application: recommended placement (under nut or bolt head), combinations with bolt grades, and guidance to ensure full contact and avoid eccentric loading on bolted joints.

Typical use and users

Primary users include structural and civil engineers, steel fabricators, connection designers, fastener manufacturers, and procurement/specification teams for construction and heavy machinery. Typical applications are mounting and alignment of channel (швеллер) and I‑beam (двутавр) connections in building structures, bridges, machinery bases and other assemblies requiring compensation for non‑parallel seating surfaces.

Related standards

Commonly cross-referenced and related documents include DIN 434 and DIN 435 (German standards for square/rectangular tapered washers), general flat and plain washer standards (ISO series for washers and related fastener practice), and other national fastener standards governing materials and corrosion protection. For bolted connection requirements, users also refer to applicable bolt and nut standards and national construction codes.

Keywords

GOST 10906-78, косая шайба, square tapered washer, wedge washer, inclined washer, channel washer, I‑beam washer, fasteners, DIN 434, DIN 435, structural connection, washer dimensions, accuracy class C.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: GOST 10906-78 is the Soviet-era national specification that defines square tapered (wedge) washers: their shapes, sizes, tolerances, materials and intended applications for compensating non-parallel bearing surfaces in structural bolted joints.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers dimensional series tied to metric thread sizes (commonly M6–M27), hole diameters, square side and thickness ranges, slope (inclination) characteristics for use with channel and I‑section flanges, permitted materials and coatings, and form/positional tolerances and marking.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Structural engineers, fabricators, fastener manufacturers, procurement/specification teams and maintenance teams involved in steel construction and heavy machinery where correct alignment of bolted joints is required.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: The original standard is GOST 10906-78 (adopted 1978, published 1979) and has recorded amendments (e.g., 1984, 1988) in its publication history. Many industry suppliers and manufacturers still reference it; however, national standards catalogues and regulatory documents may have newer revisions or replacements. Always verify current legal/technical status in the official national standards registry before final specification or procurement.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: It belongs to the family of fastener/washers standards within the GOST system and is commonly used alongside other fastener standards (nuts, bolts) and equivalent international standards (notably DIN 434 / DIN 435 for tapered/square washers). Engineers often consult related ISO/DIN documents for broader compatibility and material/property guidance.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: Square tapered washer; wedge washer; inclined washer; косая шайба; GOST 10906-78; DIN 434; DIN 435; structural fasteners; channel washer; I‑beam washer; metric sizes M6–M27.