ISO 4651-1988 PDF

Full title and description

St ISO 4651-1988 — Cellular rubbers and plastics — Determination of dynamic cushioning performance. This international standard specifies a laboratory method for measuring the dynamic cushioning performance of cellular rubbers and of rigid and flexible cellular plastics (materials used in packaging) by measuring the peak deceleration of a mass when dropped onto a test specimen.

Abstract

The standard defines a drop-mass test to determine peak deceleration (cushioning performance) of cellular rubber and plastic materials. The procedure is intended primarily for quality assurance; annex A gives guidance where results are used for design data. Two figures in the standard illustrate typical test arrangements.

General information

• Status: Published (Edition 2, 1988). The document was reviewed and confirmed in 2020 and is listed for revision; a working item to produce a revised edition (ISO/AWI 4651) is under development.
• Publication date: December 1988 (Edition 2, 1988).
• Publisher: International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
• ICS / categories: 83.100 (Cellular materials).
• Edition / version: Edition 2 (1988); there is one published amendment (ISO 4651:1988/Amd 1:2006).
• Number of pages: 10.

Scope

This standard specifies the procedure for determining the dynamic cushioning performance of cellular rubber materials and rigid and flexible cellular plastics used in packaging by measuring the peak deceleration of a dropping mass on a test specimen. It is intended primarily for quality control; annex A provides additional notes for use when the test is applied to obtain design data. The method is applicable only to packaging materials.

Key topics and requirements

• Definition of test principle: measurement of peak deceleration produced by a known mass dropped onto a specimen (drop-mass impact test).
• Specification of test apparatus and typical test arrangements (illustrated by figures in the standard).
• Specimen preparation and conditioning requirements referencing standard test atmospheres and dimensional checks.
• Procedures for performing the test, recording peak deceleration and interpreting results for quality assurance.
• Annex providing guidance when using the test data for packaging design (notes on test limitations and interpretation).
• Reference to an amendment (2006) that updates or clarifies parts of the 1988 text.

Typical use and users

Used by packaging material manufacturers, materials testing laboratories, quality control technicians, product designers and engineers who need to assess cushioning materials for packaging applications, and standards committees. Typical uses include production quality control, comparative evaluation of cushioning materials, and preliminary design input when complemented by additional design-specific testing.

Related standards

Normative references and related documents commonly cited with ISO 4651 include ISO 1923 (dimensional determination for cellular plastics and rubbers), ISO 2231 and ISO 291 (conditioning and standard atmospheres for testing), and the published amendment ISO 4651:1988/Amd 1:2006. The original 1979 edition was withdrawn and replaced by the 1988 edition; a revised edition is under development (ISO/AWI 4651).

Keywords

cellular rubber, cellular plastics, cushioning performance, drop-mass test, dynamic cushioning, packaging materials, impact test, quality assurance.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: ISO 4651:1988 is an international standard that specifies a method to determine the dynamic cushioning performance of cellular rubbers and rigid/flexible cellular plastics used in packaging by measuring peak deceleration in a drop-mass impact test.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers the drop-mass test principle, apparatus and arrangements, specimen preparation and conditioning, test procedure and result interpretation for quality assurance; annex A gives notes for using results as design data. The method is restricted to materials intended for packaging.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Packaging material manufacturers, independent test laboratories, QC departments, product designers and engineers, and standards developers use this standard. It is mainly applied for production control and comparative evaluation of cushioning materials.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: The 1988 (second) edition is the current published edition; it was reviewed and confirmed in 2020 and has one amendment from 2006. ISO has an approved work item (ISO/AWI 4651) to produce a revised edition to replace ISO 4651:1988.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: It is a standalone test method within the family of standards for cellular materials (ICS 83.100) and references related standards for conditioning and dimensional checks (for example ISO 1923, ISO 291 and ISO 2231).

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: Cellular rubber, cellular plastic, cushioning, dynamic cushioning performance, drop-mass test, impact deceleration, packaging materials.